iPBORE is the light and mobile version of PBORE-3D, targeting mobile digital platforms such as iPhones, iPads, smartphones, and tablets.

iPBORE is a user-friendly software that analyzes and simulates the time-dependent effects on wellbore stability while drilling. The software is structured to assist drilling engineers to design a wellbore drilling program for mudweight window, mud salinity, and depth-gradient analyses. With the efficiency and accuracy of iPBORE, drilling engineers can perform a wide variety of computations and generate results in a very short time, which renders iPBORE a unique tool to simulate “real-time” analysis. iPBORE also has a graphical user interface that includes features like routines for data editing, data validation, and graphical presentation of results, and is supplemented with a convenient online help utility. Results generated using iPBORE can be exported to other applications, e.g., Microsoft Word©.

iPBORE includes the conventional elastic wellbore stability modeling. The wellbore can be modeled with either the permeable or impermeable wall condition. Results can be generated for a number of scenarios such as:

1. Failure analysis to evaluate critical mudweight for fracturing and collapse conditions.
2. Estimate critical regions near wellbore under a specified mudweight to visualize regions prone to failure.
3. Calculate the safe mudweight window as a function of hole inclination or azimuth.
4. Optimize for directional drilling by generating polar charts to evaluate critical mudweights for the entire range of hole inclination and azimuth.

Polar Charts	Mud window
2D Plot	Failure region

(Click images for enlarged view)

PBORE-3D is becoming the industry standard for real-time wellbore analysis and design. This software applies the coupled fluid flow and rock deformation analyses in the studies of wellbore stability and drilling mud design.

PBORE-3D is a user-friendly software that analyzes and simulates the time-dependent effects on wellbore stability while drilling. The software is structured to assist drilling engineers to design a wellbore drilling program for mudweight window, mud salinity, and depth-gradient analyses. With the efficiency and accuracy of PBORE-3D, drilling engineers can perform a wide variety of computations and generate results in a very short time, which renders PBORE-3D a unique tool to simulate “real-time” analysis. PBORE-3D also has a graphical user interface that includes features like routines for data editing, data validation, and graphical presentation of results, and is supplemented with a convenient online help utility. Results generated using PBORE-3D can be exported to other applications, e.g., Microsoft Word©.

PBORE-3D is the only existing software package that includes the poromechanics models, which account for the time-dependent effects of the pore pressure diffusion coupled with chemical and thermal effects. Also included in PBORE-3D are the elastic models. The wellbore can be modeled with the above models for both the isotropic as well as transversely isotropic formation types with both the permeable and impermeable wall conditions. Results can be generated for a number of scenarios such as follows:

1. Failure analysis to evaluate critical mud weights for fracturing, collapse, and spalling conditions.
2. Estimate critical regions near wellbore under a specified mud weight to view regions prone to failure.
3. Calculate and view the time-dependent safe mud window as a function of the hole angle, azimuth and depth.
4. Optimize for directional drilling by generating time-dependent polar charts and maps to evaluate the critical mud weights for the entire range of hole angles and azimuth.
5. Analyze layered formations and generate safe time-dependent mud window for different sections in the stratigraphy.

PBORE-3D has been used and tested under real-time drilling conditions and is proven to generate results valuable to help drilling engineers make critical decisions. Field Validation PBORE-3D has been used to analyze borehole stability problems in the field and has been validated. One example is a well in the North Sea. PBORE-3D results predicted an equivalent mud weight of 11.7 ppg to ensure the time-dependent safe mud window. Subsequently, drilling operations were successfully completed to target depth with a quasi-static mud weight of 12 ppg. A detailed description of the field case study has been published in the February 2001 issue of the Journal of Petroleum Technology.

1. Time-dependent wellbore stability analysis
2. Failure analysis to calculate critical mudweight
3. Estimate safe mud window
4. Chemical analysis.
5. Directional drilling with polar charts.
6. Analysis for layered formations.
7. Conventional Elastic models.
8. Poromechanical models.
9. Real-time analysis.
10. Isotropic & transversely isotropic formations.
11. Tested under real-time drilling conditions.
12. User-friendly and robust.

Polar Charts	Mud window
2D Plot	3D Plot
Contour Maps	Fractures Rock Analyses
Bedding Plane Analyses Without Bedding Plane With Bedding Plane
At Real time

(Click images for enlarged view)

PCORE-3Dnet simulates time-dependent responses of thick wall cylinder samples in a variety of testing configurations and with different rock types. In addition, the tool helps tuning the testing frame and pinpointing anomalies in the actual testing results. The software utilizes analytical solutions within both the poromechanics and the solid mechanics approaches for the thick wall cylinder geometry.

1. Reduce the total number of cores needed for testing.
2. Extend the range of measurable parameters by extrapolating the laboratory test results.
3. Project outcomes on rock/soil behavior for prematurely failed test runs.
4. Pinpoint causes of anomalies in actual test results.
5. Predict the ultimate strength of the test subject and optimize the test run.
6. Tune test frames and narrow the margin-of-setting of test parameters.
7. Simulate thick-wall cylinder testing and provide better understanding of the potentials of sanding.
8. Project the transient responses of low permeability rocks such as shale.

QMLSS is a stress-based physical and mathematical simulator for the analysis, design, and planning of multilaterals based on the classical theory of elasticity while adhering to the industry engineering practice and field applications. QMLSS can help analyze and predict wellbore and junction stability during drilling and extended openhole completion as well as during production in terms of formation pore pressure depletion. The tool can also assist the optimization of junction placement in terms of formation properties and wellbore trajectories.

The analytical solution implemented in QMLSS has been validated with laboratory experiments previously conducted by Schlumberger, Total, etc. with excellent qualitative and quantitative agreement (SPE 90245, SPE 116138). QMLSS has also been used successfully to analyze not only wellbore stability during drilling but also sustainable openhole production and pressure management for a Khuff-C multilateral drilled and owned by Saudi Aramco in the Ghawar field (SPE 116138). This analytical simulator is now used to calibrate finite element studies on multilateral stability in terms of mesh space, element density, etc. For example, it has been found that the commercially available code ABAQUS requires about 70,000 elements to obtain an average of 1% error on effective stress calculation.

Results in QMLSS can be generated for a number of scenarios such as follows:

1. Evaluation of the stress distribution in and around the multilateral junction subjected to a 3-D stress state with mudweight pressure at the wellbore walls. The results can be displayed in various forms, 2-D plots as well as contour plots.
2. Failure analysis to evaluate critical collapse mudweight for a given stress state and junction geometry, with the option of including breakout angle, for one section or multiple sections of the multilateral.
3. Estimate critical regions prone to failure around the junction under specified mudweight.

Wellbore stability of multilateral junctions is increasingly becoming a major concern for the oil and gas industry.
The evaluation of stress and pore pressure redistributions due to the excavation of a lateral wellbore from a main wellbore is important in evaluating the stability of the junction. The objective of the analysis is to evaluate the stress conditions at the multilateral wellbore with a three-dimensional geometric configuration and porous medium using the poroelastoplasticity.

Shale, with its inherent heterogeneity and anisotropy, has always been problematic in many operations ranging from seismic exploration, well-log data interpretation, well drilling and well-bore stability problems, to production. An ongoing industry-academia partnership has been formed to conduct a study aiming at bridging the gap between invariant characteristics at nano scale of sedimentary rocks and their macroscopic properties. The results of this study have been implemented in a user-friendly software, QGGSMS™.NET, which is capable of predicting macroscopic mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, etc. of shales or shaly rocks providing the mineral composition and porosity. To meet field application demands, the software allows direct importing of log data for real-time onsite prediction of mechanical characteristics of shaly formations. To cope with the unavoidable uncertainties associated with log measurements, QGGSMS™.NET provides uncertainty simulation for the obtained results utilizing Monte Carlo method.

1. Import LAS log data.
2. Give the mechanical properties of formation in a virtual format.
3. Perform uncertainty analysis for selected intervals.